The ​ Effect of the Pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in CALABARZON.

Authors

  • Winona Miranda Reb Suministrado University of Santo Tomas
  • Jona Marie Fernandez University of Santo Tomas
  • Alessandra Mae Ramos University of Santo Tomas
  • Marie Antoinette Rosete University of Santo Tomas

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11111/ujost.v2i1.104

Abstract

This study aims to view the effects of the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs), focusing on the area of CALABARZON, wherein it is the epicenter of the pandemic. This study aims to understand the impact of COVID-19 in terms of MSMEs' performance, measured by their ability to generate employment and sales, along with how their operation responds to the effects of the pandemic. The study would like to state if there is a connection between the restrictions and limited activities of the COVID-19 pandemic to the state and condition of businesses in CALABARZON, particularly those belonging to the micro, small and medium-scale one. This study also shows the bigger picture of the COVID-19 pandemic affecting the business sector in the provinces.

Keywords: COVID-19, MSMEs, Sales, Employment, Innovation

References

REFERENCES

- ​The COVID-19 pandemic impact on micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises | UNCTAD. (2021). Unctad.org. https://unctad.org/webflyer/covid-19-pandemic-impact-micro-small-and-medium-sized-enterprises

- ​Juanzon, J. B. P., & Muhi, M. M. (2017). Significant Factors to Motivate Small and Medium Enterprise (SME) Construction Firms in the Philippines to Implement ISO9001:2008. Procedia Engineering, 171, 354–361. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.proeng.2017.01.344

- ​Esra Sipahi. (2020). COVID 19 and MSMEs: A revival framework. Research Journal in Advanced Humanities, 1(2), 7–21. https://royalliteglobal.com/advanced-humanities/article/view/146/

- ​Andriyani, D., Nailufar, F., Yurina, Y., Ratna, R., & Rahmah, M. (2021). Analyzing the Sustainability of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises during Covid-19 Pandemic in Bireuen Regency, Indonesia. International Journal of Business, Economics, and Social Development, 2(3), 119–126. https://doi.org/10.46336/ijbesd.v2i3.159

- ​Ahmad, M. (2016). A Factor Analysis Based Study on Microenterprises. Amity Journal of Entrepreneurship ADMAA, 1(1), 62–70. https://amity.edu/UserFiles/admaa/222Paper%204.pdf

- ​Parilla, Eric Santos (2021). Effects of COVID-19 Pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Province of Ilocos Norte Philippines. Volume 1 Number 2, 46-57. https://proceeding.researchsynergypress.com/index.php/rsfconferenceseries1/article/download/260/255

- ​Garambas, C. D., & Pinos-an, B. B. (2021). Awareness and Perceived Implementation of Barangay Micro-Business Enterprise Act of 2002 (Republic Act 9178) in La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines. Mountain Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Research (Formerly Benguet State University Research Journal), 81(1), 7–18. http://210.4.102.231/index.php/BRJ/article/view/278

- ​Purba, M., Simanjutak, D., Malau, Y., Sholihat, W., & Ahmadi, E. (2021). The effect of digital marketing and e-commerce on financial performance and business sustainability of MSMEs during COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. International Journal of Data and Network Science, 5(3), 275–282. http://m.growingscience.com/beta/ijds/4941-the-effect-of-digital-marketing-and-e-commerce-on-financial-performance-and-business-sustaina-bility-of-msmes-during-covid-19-pandemic-in-indonesia.html

- ​Dai, R., Feng, H., Hu, J., Jin, Q., Li, H., Wang, R., Wang, R., Xu, L., & Zhang, X. (2021). The impact of COVID-19 on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs): Evidence from two-wave phone surveys in China. China Economic Review, 67, 101607. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chieco.2021.101607

- ​Zamora, E.A. (2010). A Management of Technology Framework for MSME Success and Sustainability. Philippines Management Review, Vol. 17, 21-51. https://pmr.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pmr/article/download/171/170

- ​Beglaryan, M., & Shakhmuradyan, G. (2020). The impact of COVID-19 on small and medium-sized enterprises in Armenia: Evidence from a labor force survey. Small Business International Review, 4(2), e298. https://doi.org/10.26784/sbir.v4i2.298

- ​Emmanuel Genesis Andal, Bello, A., & Ma. Angeles Catelo. (2021). Coping and recovery strategies of MSMEs in the Laguna one year after COVID19. Philippine Review of Economics, 58(1&2), 241–263. https://econ.upd.edu.ph/pre/index.php/pre/article/view/1016

- ​‌Racelis, M., Karaos, A., Labastilla, S., Desiree, A., & Aguirre, M. (2016). Identifying Options for an Urban Community-Driven Development Program in the Philippines DRAFT FINAL REPORT Prepared for the Department of Social Welfare and Development and the World Bank. https://ncddp.dswd.gov.ph/Media/uploads/2016_Racelis_et_al_Identifying_Options_for_Urban_CDD.pdf

- ​Saturwa, H. N., Suharno, S., & Ahmad, A. A. (2021). The impact of Covid-19 pandemic on MSMEs. Jurnal Ekonomi Dan Bisnis, 24(1), 65–82. https://doi.org/10.24914/jeb.v24i1.3905

- ​Solina, M. F. L. (2021). Assessment of Business Environment of Women Involved in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in The Philippines: A Comparative Study with Select ASEAN Countries. JAS (Journal of ASEAN Studies), 8(2), 191–211. https://doi.org/10.21512/jas.v8i2.6617

- ​Agoes Djatmiko, & Pudyastiwi, E. (2020). OBSTACLES AND CHALLENGES OF INDONESIA’S MICRO, SMALL AND MEDIUM ENTERPRISES (UMKM) IN FACING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Jurnal Pendidikan Kewarganegaraan Undiksha, 8(3), 117–123. https://doi.org/10.23887/jpku.v8i3.28610

- ​Joseph, O. P., Tulung, J. E., & Shinta Wangke. (2020). IMPACT OF SOCIAL MEDIA MARKETING TOWARDS BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF MSMES IN MANADO DURING COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Jurnal EMBA : Jurnal Riset Ekonomi, Manajemen, Bisnis Dan Akuntansi, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.35794/emba.8.4.2020.30948

- ​‌Sahoo, P., & Ashwani. (2020). COVID-19 and Indian Economy: Impact on Growth, Manufacturing, Trade and MSME Sector. Global Business Review, 21(5), 1159–1183. https://doi.org/10.1177/0972150920945687

- ​Mor, S., Madan, S., Archer, G. R., & Ashta, A. (2020). Survival of the Smallest: A Study of Microenterprises in Haryana, India. Millennial Asia, 11(1), 54–78. https://doi.org/10.1177/0976399619900609

- ​Shinozaki, S., & Rao, L. N. (2021). COVID-19 Impact on Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises under the Lockdown: Evidence from a Rapid Survey in the Philippines. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3807080

- ​Sonobe, T., Takeda, A., Yoshida, S., & Truong, H. T. (2021). The Impacts of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in Asia and Their Digitalization Responses. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3912355

- ​Research: Impact of COVID-19 on Micro, Small, and Medium-sized Enterprises (MSME) in Selected CAREC Countries – CAREC Institute. (2021). Carecinstitute.org. https://www.carecinstitute.org/publications/research-impact-of-covid-19-on-micro-small-and-medium-sized-enterprises-msme-in-selected-carec-countries/

- ​Ali Muhammad Mahboob, Rattanawiboonsom Vichayanan, Perez Candido M, & Khan Abdullah Abusayed. (2017). Comparative positioning of Small and Medium Enterprises in Bangladesh, Thailand, and the Philippines. Экономика региона, 13(2). https://cyberleninka.ru/article/n/comparative-positioning-of-small-and-medium-enterprises-in-bangladesh-thailand-and-the-philippine

- ​‌ COVID-19 IMPACTS AND POLICY OPTIONS An Asian Perspective. (2021). Asian Development Bank. Retrieved 2021, from https://www.adb.org/publications/covid-19-impacts-and-policy-options-asian-perspective

- ​Hidayat, Soehardi, S., Prasetyo, Ery Teguh, & Husadha, C. (2021). Implications of Covid-19 Pandemic on MSMEs to Economy, Society: Case in the Country of Indonesia. - Ubharajaya Repository. Ubharajaya.ac.id. https://doi.org/http://repository.ubharajaya.ac.id/11747/1/DD.pdf

- ​Fabeil, Noor Fzlinda, Pazim, Khairul Hanim, & Langgat, J. (2020). Survivability of Micro-enterprises during the Pandemic Crisis. Asian Journal Entrepreneurship, 144-152. https://www.researchgate.net/profile/Noor-Fabeil/publication/347930806_Survivability_of_Micro-enterprises_during_the_Pandemic_Crisis/links/5fe7bffe299bf140884aa7a5/Survivability-of-Micro-enterprises-during-the-Pandemic-Crisis.pdf

- ​Fabeil, Noor Fzlinda, Pazim, Khairul Hanim, & Langgat, J. (2020, May 28). The Impact of COVID-19 Pandemic Crisis on Micro-Enterprises: Entrepreneurs’ Perspective on Business Continuity and Recovery Strategy. Ssrn.com. https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=3612830

- ​Anthony, M., Camacho, J. D., Pura, D., & Bello, A. L. (2016). Factors Affecting Entrepreneurship Decision in Los Banos, Laguna, Philippines. Journal of Economics, Management & Agricultural Development, 2(1), 89–102. https://doi.org/10.22004/ag.econ.309278

- ​Susanti, N., & Widajatun, V. W. (2021). MSMEs Understanding of Taxation During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Innovation and Community Engagement, 2(1), 35–46. https://doi.org/10.28932/jice.v2i1.3689

- ​Katigbak, J. P. (2016). Globalizing MSME’s via B2B E-Commerce: Considerations for the Philippines. Think Asia. https://doi.org/2423-2912

- ​Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs) The Philippines report. (2020). https://www.microsave.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/08/Impact-of-COVID-19-on-Micro-Small-and-Medium-Enterprises-MSMEs-1.pdf

- ​Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs). (2021). Asian Development Bank. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/692466/adbi-wp1241.pdf

- ​Mina, C., & Cruz, L. (n.d.). Economic Implications of Disasters on Cooperative Sector in CALABARZON, Philippines. Management & Agricultural Development, 7(1). Retrieved May 18, 2022, from https://jemad.cem.uplb.edu.ph/wp-content/uploads/2021/11/JEMAD-Vol-7-No-1-Mina-1.pdf

- ​Kumari, E., & Prakash Khare, J. (2021). Analysis of Impacts of COVID-19 Pandemic on Low/Middle Income People and Micro Level Business Organized by Center for Academic & Professional Career Development and Research (CAPCDR). http://capdr.org/wp-content/uploads/2021/09/L206.pdf

- ​Shafi, M., Liu, J., & Ren, W. (2020). Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on micro, small, and medium-sized Enterprises operating in Pakistan. Research in Globalization, 2, 100018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resglo.2020.100018

- ​Affandi, A., Sarwani, Sobarna, A., Erlangga, H., Siagian, A., Purwanto, A., Amin Effendy, A., Sunarsi, D., Wicaksono, W., Suyatin, Ariyanti, E., Wahyitno, Manik, C., Juhaeri, & Gunartin. (2020). Optimization of msmes empowerment in facing competition in the global market during the COVID-19 pandemic time. Systematic Reviews in Pharmacy, 11. https://www.sysrevpharm.org/articles/optimization-of-msmes-empowerment-in-facing-competition-in-the-global-market-during-the-covid19-pandemic-time.pdf

- ​Ross, P. K. (2016). Australian SME micro-offshoring opportunities in the Philippines: An expanding niche market? Econstor.eu. https://doi.org/http://hdl.handle.net/10419/173556

- ​The impact of COVID-19 on small business outcomes and expectations. (2020). PNAS. https://www.pnas.org/doi/10.1073/pnas.2006991117

- ​Mwenda Mutwiri, N. (2021). Covid-19 financial distancing for MSMEs in Kenya. International Journal of Research in Business and Social Science (2147- 4478), 10(3), 357–362. https://doi.org/10.20525/ijrbs.v10i3.1110

- ​Adam, N. A., & Alarifi, G. (2021). Innovation practices for survival of small and medium enterprises (SMEs) in the COVID-19 times: the role of external support. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00156-6

- ​Kassa, E. T. (2021). Determinants of the continuous operations of micro and small enterprises during COVID-19 pandemic in Ethiopia. Journal of Innovation and Entrepreneurship, 10(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s13731-021-00187-z

- ​Jahid, S., Makmun, S., Utomo, M., & Junaedi, S. (2021). Social Media Marketing and Business Performance of MSMEs During the COVID-19 Pandemic. Journal of Asian Finance, 8(2), 523-0531. https://doi.org/10.13106/jafeb.2021.vol8.no2.0523

- ​Maningo, G. V. (2016). Credit Surety Fund: A Credit Innovation for Micro, Small, and Medium-Sized Enterprises in the Philippines. Asian Development Bank, 589. https://www.adb.org/publications/credit-surety-fund-credit-innovation-micro-small-and-medium-sized-enterprises-philippines

- ​Canare, T., Francisco, J. P., & Price, N. A. (2017). An Empirical Analysis of SME and Large Business Linkages: Evidence from the Philippines. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3079455

- ​Durana, M., Lazo, M. G., Callanta, V. H., & Lajara, R. (2016). Agriculture, Fishery and Forestry, Industry and Services, Investments, Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises and Tourism as Drivers of the Philippine Economy: An Assessment. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3235938

- ​‌Shinozaki, S., & Rao, L. (2021). ADBI Working Paper Series COVID-19 IMPACT ON MICRO, SMALL, AND MEDIUM-SIZED ENTERPRISES UNDER THE LOCKDOWN: EVIDENCE FROM A RAPID SURVEY IN THE PHILIPPINES Asian Development Bank Institute. https://www.adb.org/sites/default/files/publication/677321/adbi-wp1216.pdf

- ​Flaminiano, J. P., Francisco, J. P., & Caboverde, C. E. (2021). Road to Recovery and Resilience for Philippine MSMEs During the COVID-19 Pandemic. SSRN Electronic Journal. https://doi.org/10.2139/ssrn.3821248

- ​‌Keni Kaniawati, Rismayani, Astri Maulidiany Putri, Rani Rahmawati, Keke Mustika, & Dwinada Fahra Nurahmadani. (2021). Marketing Strategy Model in Efforts to Maintain MSMEs during the Covid-19 Pandemic. Review of International Geographical Education Online, 11(5), 2406–2416. https://rigeo.org/submit-a-menuscript/index.php/submission/article/view/975

- ​Fadhli, K., & Rohmah, Z. M. (2021). THE EFFECT OF THE NATIONAL ECONOMIC RECOVERY PROGRAM ON MSME PRODUCTIVITY DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. Jurnal Manajemen Dan Bisnis, 10(1), 103–120. https://doi.org/10.34006/jmbi.v10i1.286

- ​‌ Review of Digital Marketing & Business Sustainability of E-Commerce During Pandemic Covid-19 In Indonesia. (2020). JIET. https://e-journal.unair.ac.id/JIET/article/view/23614

- ​Garambas, C. D., & Pinos-an, B. B. (2021). Awareness and Perceived Implementation of Barangay Micro-Business Enterprise Act of 2002 (Republic Act 9178) in La Trinidad, Benguet, Philippines. Mountain Journal of Science and Interdisciplinary Research (Formerly Benguet State University Research Journal), 81(1), 7–18. http://210.4.102.231/index.php/BRJ/article/view/278

- ​Cueto, L. J., Frisnedi, A. F. D., Collera, R. B., Batac, K. I. T., & Agaton, C. B. (2022). Digital Innovations in MSMEs during Economic Disruptions: Experiences and Challenges of Young Entrepreneurs. Administrative Sciences, 12(1), 8. https://doi.org/10.3390/admsci12010008

- ​Hall, C. M., Fieger, P., Prayag, G., & Dyason, D. (2021). Panic Buying and Consumption Displacement during COVID-19: Evidence from New Zealand. Economies, 9(2), 46. https://doi.org/10.3390/economies9020046

- ​‌Kim, J., Yang, K., Min, J., & White, B. (2021). Hope, fear, and consumer behavioral change amid COVID‐19: Application of protection motivation theory. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 46(2), 558–574. https://doi.org/10.1111/ijcs.12700

- ​‌I Khomah, Nuning Setyowati, Mohamad Harisudin, & Aulia Qonita. (2021, April). The factors contributing to the sustainability of agribusiness MSMEs in Sukoharjo Regency during the... ResearchGate; IOP Publishing. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/351567853_The_factors_contributing_to_the_sustainability_of_agribusiness_MSMEs_in_Sukoharjo_Regency_during_the_Covid-19_pandemic

- ​Jo, H., Shin, E., & Kim, H. (2020). Changes in Consumer Behaviour in the Post-COVID-19 Era in Seoul, South Korea. Sustainability, 13(1), 136. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13010136

Hesham, F., Riadh, H., & Sihem, N. K. (2021). What Have We Learned about the Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on Consumer Behavior? Sustainability, 13(8), 4304. https://doi.org/10.3390/su13084304

Published

2022-11-27

How to Cite

Suministrado , W. M. R., Fernandez, J. M., Ramos, A. M., & Rosete, M. A. (2022). The ​ Effect of the Pandemic on Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises in CALABARZON. UJoST- Universal Journal of Science and Technology, 2(1), 239–263. https://doi.org/10.11111/ujost.v2i1.104

Issue

Section

Articles

Most read articles by the same author(s)