Impact of Socioeconomic Status and Parental Involvement in Students’ Academic Performance of the Undergraduate Students in a Comprehensive University during the COVID-19 Pandemic

Lorenzo Roen Rumbaoa; Gabriel Vone San Jose; Joshua Andrei Sanchez; Ronaldo Cabauatan

doi:10.11111/ujost.v1i2.81

Authors

Lorenzo Roen Rumbaoa University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
Gabriel Vone San Jose University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
Joshua Andrei Sanchez University of Santo Tomas, Philippines
Ronaldo Cabauatan University of Santo Tomas, Philippines

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.11111/ujost.v1i2.81

Abstract

Academic performance has been linked to parental involvement and socioeconomic status. In today’s era, education is not a privilege but rather a right for every population around the world. This study examined the relationship between socioeconomic status and parental involvement in the academic performance of undergraduate college students. This research aims to answer the central question, does Socioeconomic status and Parental Involvement affect Student Academic Achievement? The importance of addressing this question is that economic and educational institutions may use the findings of this research as a guide for future economic and educational development. Some previous research has shown that socioeconomic status had little to no effect on student academic achievement, while parental involvement affected student academic achievement. This study used stratified random sampling wherein 14 out of 17 colleges in the comprehensive university participated. This study used an online survey with questions pertaining to monthly household income, a 16-item 4-point Likert scale pertaining to parental involvement, and the latest estimated general weighted average. Results show that socioeconomic status has no significant relationship with student academic performance, while parental involvement has a significant relationship with student academic performance. Parental involvement must also be given focus on student academic performance. Which furthermore indicates that various household income would affect students’ academic performance.

References

Yee, K. T., Fitriana, M., Ching, S. S., Govindasamy, V., & Meng, C. H. (2021). INFLUENCE OF PARENTAL INCOME AND ENCOURAGEMENT ON ACADEMIC SELF-EFFICACY AND ACHIEVEMENT AMONG MALAYSIAN UNIVERSITY STUDENTS. International Journal of Education, Psychology and Counseling, 6(44), 81–94. https://doi.org/10.35631/ijepc.644007

Zhang, F., Jiang, Y., Ming, H., Ren, Y., Wang, L., & Huang, S. (2020). Family socio‐economic status and children’s academic achievement: The different roles of parental academic involvement and subjective social mobility. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(3), 561–579. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.12374

Pinquart, M., & Ebeling, M. (2019). Parental Educational Expectations and Academic Achievement in Children and Adolescents—a Meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 32(2), 463–480. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09506-z

Chen, W. W., & Ho, H. Z. (2012). The relation between perceived parental involvement and academic achievement: The roles of Taiwanese students’ academic beliefs and filial piety. International Journal of Psychology, 47(4), 315–324. https://doi.org/10.1080/00207594.2011.630004

Destin, M., Hanselman, P., Buontempo, J., Tipton, E., & Yeager, D. S. (2019). Do Student Mindsets Differ by Socioeconomic Status and Explain Disparities in Academic Achievement in the United States? AERA Open, 5(3), 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1177/2332858419857706

Blair, S. L. (2014). Parental Involvement and Children’s Educational Performance: A Comparison of Filipino and U.S. Parents. Journal of Comparative Family Studies, 45(3), 351–366. https://doi.org/10.3138/jcfs.45.3.351

Boonk, L., Gijselaers, H. J., Ritzen, H., & Brand-Gruwel, S. (2018). A review of the relationship between parental involvement indicators and academic achievement. Educational Research Review, 24, 10–30. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2018.02.001

Gobena, G. A. (2018). Family Socio-economic Status Effect on Students’ Academic Achievement at College of Education and Behavioral Sciences, Haramaya University, Eastern Ethiopia. Journal of Teacher Education and Educators, 7(3), 207-222.

Lara, L., & Saracostti, M. (2019). Effect of Parental Involvement on Children’s Academic Achievement in Chile. Frontiers in Psychology, 10(1464), 1-5. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyg.2019.01464

Al-Matalka, F. I. M. (2014). The Influence of Parental Socioeconomic Status on Their Involvement at Home. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 4(5), 146-154.

Gubbins, V., & Otero, G. (2020). Determinants of parental involvement in primary school: evidence from Chile. Educational Review, 72(2), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2018.1487386

Ghaemi, F. (2014). The Relationship between Socio-Economic Status and Academic Achievement in the Classroom among Iranian University Students. European Journal of English Language and Literature Studies, 2(1), 49-57.

Islam, M., Khan, Z. N. (2017). Impact of Socio-economic Status on Academic Achievement Among the Senior Secondary School Students. Educational Quest- An International Journal of Education and Applied Social Sciences, 8(3), 643-648. https://doi.org/10.5958/2230-7311.2017.00117.9

Miller, Podvysotska, Betancur, Votruba-Drzal (2021). Wealth and Child Development: Differences in Associations by Family Income and Developmental Stage. RSF: The Russell Sage Foundation Journal of the Social Sciences, 7(3), 154-174. https://doi.org/10.7758/rsf.2021.7.3.07

Ferguson, H., Bovaird, S., & Mueller, M. (2007). The impact of poverty on educational outcomes for children. Paediatrics & Child Health, 12(8), 701–706. https://doi.org/10.1093/pch/12.8.701

Gan, Y., & Bilige, S. (2019). Parental involvement in home-based education and children’s academic achievement in China. Social Behavior and Personality: An International Journal, 47(12), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.2224/sbp.8491

ADZIDO, R. Y. N., DZOGBEDE, O. E., AHIAVE, E., & DORKPAH, O. K. (2016). Assessment of Family Income on Academic Performance of Tertiary Students: The Case of Ho Polytechnic, Ghana. International Journal of Academic Research in Accounting, Finance and Management Sciences, 6(3), 154-169. https://doi.org/10.6007/ijarafms/v6-i3/2221

Xu, X., Xu, G., Liu, M., & Deng, C. (2020). Influence of parental academic involvement on the achievement goal orientations of high school students in China: A latent growth model study. British Journal of Educational Psychology, 90(3), 700–718. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjep.1232

Sothan, S. (2019). The determinants of academic performance: evidence from a Cambodian University. Studies in Higher Education, 44(11), 2096–2111. https://doi.org/10.1080/03075079.2018.1496408

Roksa, J., & Kinsley, P. (2019). The Role of Family Support in Facilitating Academic Success of Low-Income Students. Research in Higher Education, 60(4), 415–436. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11162-018-9517-z

Okioga, C. K. (2013). Impact of Students’ Socio-economic Background on Academic Performance in Universities, a Case of Students in Kisii University College. American International Journal of Social Science, 2(2), 38-46.

Esther, A., Ruffina, A., &Anastecia, I. (2018). Influence of parents’ socio-economic status on the academic achievement in biology of public senior secondary school students in Orlu LGA Imu State. British Journal of Education, Learning and Development Psychology, 1(1), 66-73.

Qasim, M., Saleem, A., & Hafeez, M. (2021). Parental Involvement in Online Learning and Academic Achievements of their Children under COVID-19 Conditions. Pakistan Social Sciences Review, 5(4), 1–14.

Michubu, M.J. (2013). Socio-economic factors influencing students’ academic performance in public secondary schools in Igembe South District Kenya. Unpublished research project submitted to the Department of Curriculum University of Nairobi, Kenya.

Okon, C., & Archibong, U. I. (2015) School Type and Students’ Academic Performance in Social Studies in Junior Secondary Certificate Examination (JSCE). Academic Journal of Interdisciplinary Studies, 4(2), 421-426. https://doi.org/10.5901/ajis.2015.v4n2p421

Hampden-Thompson, G., & Galindo, C. (2017). School–family relationships, school satisfaction and the academic achievement of young people. Educational Review, 69(2), 248–265. https://doi.org/10.1080/00131911.2016.1207613

Mburu, D. (2013). Effects of the Type of School Attended on Students Academic Performance in Kericho and Kipkelion Districts, Kenya. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science, 3(4), 79-90.

Day, E., & Dotterer, A. M. (2018). Parental Involvement and Adolescent Academic Outcomes: Exploring Differences in Beneficial Strategies across Racial/Ethnic Groups. Journal of Youth and Adolescence, 47(6), 1332–1349. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10964-018-0853-2

Naite, I. (2021). Impact of Parental Involvement on Children’s Academic Performance at Crescent International School, Bangkok, Thailand. IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science, 690(1), 1-9. https://doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/690/1/012064

Hossain, S., Tofail, F., Sujan, H., El Arifeen., Hamadani, J. (2021). Factors associated with school achievement of children aged 8–10 years in rural Bangladesh: Findings from a post hoc analysis of a community-based study. PLOS ONE, 16(7), 1-13. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0254693

Wang, M., Hill, N. E., & Hofkens, T. (2014). Parental Involvement and African American and European American Adolescents’ Academic, Behavioral, and Emotional Development in Secondary School. Child Development, 85(6), 2151–2168. https://doi.org/10.1111/cdev.12284

Bora, A., & Ahmed, S. (2017). PARENTS’ SOCIOECONOMIC STATUS AND PUPILS’ MATHEMATICS ACHIEVEMENT: STEPWISE MULTIPLE REGRESSION ANALYSIS APPROACH. International Journal of Technical Innovation in Modern Engineering & Science, 4(11), 316–322.

Epstein, J. L. (2005). Attainable Goals? The Spirit and Letter of the No Child Left Behind Act on Parental Involvement. Sociology of Education, 78(2), 179–182. https://doi.org/10.1177/003804070507800207

Hill, N. E., Castellino, D. R., Lansford, J. E., Nowlin, P., Dodge, K. A., Bates, J. E., & Pettit, G. S. (2004). Parent Academic Involvement as Related to School Behavior, Achievement, and Aspirations: Demographic Variations Across Adolescence. Child Development, 75(5), 1491–1509. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2004.00753.x

Hill, N. E., & Taylor, L. C. (2004). Parental School Involvement and Children’s Academic Achievement. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 13(4), 161–164. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.0963-7214.2004.00298.x

Dohner-Chávez, A. (2006). Parental involvement and academic achievement among Hispanic and non-Hispanic students, 43-50. Retrieved from https://www.csustan.edu/sites/default/files/honors/documents/journals/entries/DohnerChavez.pdf

Dearing, E., Kreider, H., Simpkins, S., & Weiss, H. B. (2006). Family involvement in school and low-income children’s literacy: Longitudinal associations between and within families. Journal of Educational Psychology, 98(4), 653–664. https://doi.org/10.1037/0022-0663.98.4.653

Solanke, S. and Narayanaswamy, M. (2015). Influence of Socio-economic Status on Academic Achievement of Secondary School Students of Bangalore Urban and Rural District. Journal of International Academic Research for Multidisciplinary, 3(9): 158-166.

Hossain, M., Islam, M., Biswas, B., & Hossain, M. (2017). The Impact of Students “Socio-economic Condition on Academic Performance in Public and National University of Bangladesh.” Asian Research Journal of Mathematics, 7(3), 1–16. https://doi.org/10.9734/arjom/2017/37650

Strand, S. (2014). School effects and ethnic, gender and socio-economic gaps in educational achievement at age 11. Oxford Review of Education, 40(2), 223–245. https://doi.org/10.1080/03054985.2014.891980

Farooq, M. S., Chaudhry, A. H., & Berhanu, G. (2011). FACTORS AFFECTING STUDENTS’ QUALITY OF ACADEMIC PERFORMANCE: A CASE OF SECONDARY SCHOOL LEVEL. Journal of Quality and Technology Management, 7(2), 1–14.

Kapinga, O. S. (2014). The Impact of Parental Socioeconomic Status on Students’ Academic Achievement in Secondary Schools in Tanzania. International Journal of Education, 6(4), 120–132. https://doi.org/10.5296/ije.v6i4.6420

Liu, J., Peng, P., & Luo, L. (2019). The Relation Between Family Socioeconomic Status and Academic Achievement in China: A Meta-analysis. Educational Psychology Review, 32(1), 49–76. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10648-019-09494-0

Browman, A. S., Destin, M., Carswell, K. L., & Svoboda, R. C. (2017). Perceptions of socioeconomic mobility influence academic persistence among low socioeconomic status students. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 72, 45–52. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jesp.2017.03.006

Vazquez, S. R., & Greenfield, P. M. (2021). The Influence of Social Class on Family Participation in Children’s Education: A Case Study. Revista Colombiana de Psicología, 30(1), 133-147. https://doi.org/10.15446/rcp.v30n1.89185

Machebe, C. H., Ezegbe, B. N., & Onuoha, J. (2017). The Impact of Parental Level of Income on Students’ Academic Performance in High School in Japan. Universal Journal of Educational Research, 5(9), 1614–1620. https://doi.org/10.13189/ujer.2017.050919

Rodríguez-Hernández, C. F., Cascallar, E., & Kyndt, E. (2020). Socio-economic status and academic performance in higher education: A systematic review. Educational Research Review, 29, 1-24. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.edurev.2019.100305

Danilowicz-Gösele, K., Lerche, K., Meya, J., & Schwager, R. (2017). Determinants of students’ success at university. Education Economics, 25(5), 513–532. https://doi.org/10.1080/09645292.2017.1305329

Potter, H. (2013). Boosting Achievement by Pursuing Diversity. Educational Leadership, 70(8), 38–43.

Oyserman, D., & Lewis, N. A. (2017). Seeing the Destination AND the Path: Using Identity-Based Motivation to Understand and Reduce Racial Disparities in Academic Achievement. Social Issues and Policy Review, 11(1), 159–194. https://doi.org/10.1111/sipr.12030

Pant, K. R. (2020). Influences of parental socio-economic status on academic achievement: A case study of rural communities in Kailali, Nepal. Contemporary Research: An Interdisciplinary Academic Journal, 4(1), 95–109. https://doi.org/10.3126/craiaj.v4i1.32753